K224 – Sliding Into Compliance: Horizontal-Sliding Doors
Understanding NFPA 101 Requirements for Safe and Compliant Use of Sliding Doors in Healthcare Facilities
In this week’s K-Tag Series, we’re focusing on K224 – Horizontal Sliding Doors, a regulation that often raises questions during surveys—especially when sliding doors are used in patient care areas or corridors.
K224 is based on NFPA 101 (2012) Sections 18.2.2.2.10 and 7.2.1.14, which outline the specific conditions under which horizontal-sliding doors are permitted in a means of egress. While sliding doors may offer space-saving benefits, they are only allowed under strict criteria related to occupant load, force-to-operate, latching, fire protection ratings, and location.
Horizontal-sliding doors are permitted in means of egress under either Section 18.2.2.2.10.1 or 18.2.2.2.10.2.
1. 18.2.2.2.10.1 – Non-Automatic Horizontal-Sliding Doors
Horizontal-sliding doors, as permitted by Section 7.2.1.14, that are not automatic-closing shall:
Be limited to a single leaf, and
Be equipped with a latch or other mechanism that ensures the door will not rebound into a partially open position if forcefully closed.
This type of door, described in Section 7.2.1.14, is a specialized form of horizontal-sliding door. It must slide open when force is applied in the direction of egress travel to the operating hardware. These assemblies are not typical commercial sliding doors—they must meet all the specific requirements in 7.2.1.14, including:
Operability from either side without special knowledge or effort
Force limits for operation: no more than 30 lbf to start movement and no more than 15 lbf to open or close
Operability under perpendicular force (door leaf must still function when 250 lbf is applied near the actuator)
Compliance with fire protection rating, if required
Self-closing or automatic-closing by smoke detection
Installation per NFPA 80
2. 18.2.2.2.10.2 – Rooms with Occupant Load of Fewer Than 10
Horizontal-sliding doors serving areas with an occupant load of fewer than 10 are permitted if all of the following conditions are met:
The area served has no high-hazard contents
The door is readily operable from either side without special knowledge or effort
The force required to operate the door is:
Not more than 30 lbf (133 N) to start moving
Not more than 15 lbf (67 N) to fully open or close to the minimum required width
If fire-rated, the door must be:
Self-closing or automatic-closing using smoke detection, in accordance with Section 7.2.1.8
Installed per NFPA 80
Where corridor doors are required to latch, the door must include a latch or mechanism that prevents rebound into a partially open position when closed forcefully
This provision allows the use of more traditional horizontal-sliding doors, not just the specialized version from Section 7.2.1.14. These doors are considered a limited exemption to the typical requirement in 7.2.1.4.1 that egress doors must be swinging type. Because they serve small occupant loads, the assumption is that staff can assist with door operation in the event of an emergency. This type of sliding door does not require a breakaway feature, and the latching requirement only applies to corridor doors that are required to latch.
Common Locations in Healthcare Facilities
Horizontal-sliding doors permitted under 18.2.2.2.10.2 are frequently used within suites, including critical care units
The provision applies to doors serving areas with occupant loads fewer than 10
These doors do not need a breakaway feature, as they are not required to be swinging type
The latching requirement in 18.2.2.2.10.2(5) applies only to corridor doors that are required to latch and does not apply to doors within suites
The allowance for these doors is based on the assumption that staff assistance is available to ensure proper operation during an emergency
Fire Protection Requirements
Where fire-rated sliding doors are used, the following apply:
The door assembly must comply with any required fire protection rating
The door must be self-closing or automatic-closing using smoke detection, in accordance with Section 7.2.1.8
The installation must follow NFPA 80, Standard for Fire Doors and Other Opening Protectives
Where latching is required, such as for corridor doors, the door must be equipped with a latch or mechanism that prevents it from rebounding into a partially open position if forcefully closed
This summary is based on the 2012 edition of NFPA 101, which is the current CMS-adopted edition for healthcare occupancies. As always, verify occupancy classification, fire rating requirements, and force-to-operate compliance before specifying or installing horizontal-sliding doors.
Stay informed. Stay compliant.
Psalm 91:9–10
This verse reminds us that when we make safety and refuge a priority, both spiritually and physically, there is protection. In the context of healthcare facilities, ensuring that doors, exits, and life safety systems meet code isn’t just about compliance; it’s about creating an environment where harm is less likely to reach those inside. Just as the verse speaks of protection from harm, our responsibility in life safety is to remove obstacles, prevent hazards, and provide a secure place for care.
How I Can Help
Staying ahead of Life Safety Compliance doesn’t have to be overwhelming. At Dustin Phillips Consulting, I make it easier for your team to understand what’s required, prepare for surveys, and improve safety across your facility.
Whether it’s mock surveys, staff training, or reviewing your documentation and fire plans, I bring real-world experience with practical solutions. My job isn’t just to point out issues—it’s to help you fix them before they become citations.
If you're looking for clear guidance and a partner who makes life safety surveys easier, let’s connect. A quick conversation today could save you a major headache tomorrow.
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